and (f)and Article 45, Article 243(G) Schedule XI, Article 350A State responsibility for the education of children, Constitutional safeguards to Children

Your school in Vashi may run a primary section where small children learn in Marathi, a municipal anganwadi sits near the station, and the gram panchayat in a village an hour away runs the local primary school. Behind each of these is a different constitutional provision. Articles 39(e) and (f) set the goal, Article 45 covers the smallest children, Article 243G lets the village council do the work, and Article 350A protects the child who speaks a minority language. This topic asks who, under the Constitution, is responsible for a child's education and welfare, and how far a court can hold them to it.

In two minutes

Part IV (Directive Principles) tells the State what to aim for in the life of a child: Article 39(e)-(f) for health, dignity and protection from exploitation, Article 45 for early childhood care, Article 243G for Panchayat delivery and Article 350A for mother-tongue primary teaching; none is enforceable by a court directly (Article 37), but together with Article 21A they shape law and policy.

The rest of this chapter

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