Electoral System in India

India runs the largest single democratic exercise on Earth — hundreds of millions of voters, spread across terrain from Himalayan villages to Andaman islands, all voting within roughly the same window, under rules meant to apply identically to a sitting Chief Minister and a first-time candidate alike. This topic is about the machinery that makes that happen, and the problems it constantly has to manage.

In two minutes

India's electoral system combines universal adult suffrage, single-member territorial constituencies decided by simple majority, and an independent constitutional body — the Election Commission of India — that administers everything from the electoral roll to the Model Code of Conduct, while contending with persistent challenges like money and muscle power, criminalisation of politics, and misuse of media.

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