Optional Paper - II: Criminology, Penology and Victimology
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University, Jaipur · LL.B. Semester 4 · 4.5.1
Unit I — CRIMINOLOGY
1.1 Definition, Nature and Scope; Importance and Classification of Crime · 1.2 Schools of Criminology: The Pre-Classical School; The Classical School; Neo-Classical School; Positivist Approach; Radical Positivism and Liberal Positivism: Cesare Lombroso; Enrico Ferri; Raffaele Garofalo; Gabrial Tarde · 1.3 Criminal Justice System: Functionaries of CJS: Police, Prosecution, Judiciary · 1.4 Administration of Criminal Justice System (CJS): Police: Fundamentals of Police Administration; Organization and Structure of Police; Police Act of 1861 – Recent State Enactment (The Rajasthan Police Act, 2007); · 1.5 Police Reforms in Independent India and Judicial Intervention; Policing in Modern Society- Different Approaches Including Community Policing etc.
- Nature and scope — Crime and Criminology
- The Schools of Criminology Pre-classical School of Criminology The Classical School Neo-classical school Positive School Cartographic School Clinical School of Criminology Sociological School of Criminology Socialist School of Criminology
- Police and Criminal Justice The police system
Unit II — PENOLOGY
2.1 Definition, Nature and Scope of Penology: Crime Control Mechanism: Police; Court; Public Prosecutor; Jail Administration; · 2.2 Theories of Crime Causation; Differential Association; Theory of Crime: Biological, Environmental, Socio–Economic and Psychological Factors affecting Crime; · 2.3 Different Kinds of Criminals: Different types of Crimes – Impact of Religion, Political Parties, Media, Family etc. on Crime; Recidivism; · 2.4 Capital Punishment: Constitutionality, Problems related to Capital Punishment, Judicial attitude in India towards Capital punishment; Global Perspective; Relevant Case Laws and Law Reforms Proposals · 2.5 Probation of Offenders Act, 1958:(As amended): Need, Importance, Objectives; Definition, Concept, Key Features of the Act and Judicial Responses; The Scheduled Castes and The Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 and The Amendment Act, 2018: Need, Importance, Objectives; Definition, Concept, Key Features of the Act and Judicial Responses;
Unit III — VICTIMOLOGY
3.1 Definition, Nature and Scope; Victim: Meaning and Kinds; Impact of Victimization: Physical, Economic and Psychological; Double / Secondary Victimization; · 3.2 Concept; Constituent Elements of Crime and Victimology; Nature and Scope of Victimology; Development of Victimology, · 3.3 Status of Victim in Criminal Justice System: Rights of Victim: Compensation to Victim of Crime; Statutory Provisions; · 3.4 Legal and Human Rights of Victims; World Wide Trend towards realization of Victims’ Rights · 3.5 Role of Judiciary; Rehabilitation of Victims of Crime; Emerging trends in Victimology
Unit IV — PUNISHMENT AND SENTENCING
4.1 Types of Punishment; Theories of Punishment: Retribution; Deterrence; Preventive; Prohibitory; Reformatory; Expiatory; Utilitarian; Open Prison and its Justification · 4.2 Alternatives to Punishment Sentencing Policy; Remission; Commutation; Pardoning; · 4.3 Access to Justice: Compensation to Victims of Crime; Rights of Victims During Trial; Legal Assistance to the Victims; Role of Victim at time of Granting Bail; Right of Victim to Appeal · 4.4 Malimath Committee Recommendations; Justice J.S. Verma Committee Report; Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 (Key Highlights); · 4.5 U.N. Declaration on Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, 1985: Key Features;