Federalism (Honours)
Hidayatullah National Law University · LL.B. Semester 9 · LLB-H-903
Unit I — Understanding Federalism: Evolution and Theories
Theories and Evolution of Federalism · Types: Dual, Co-operative, Competitive, Asymmetric, Centralised, etc. · Indian Model of Federalism: Unique Features and Challenges; Contemporary Federal Structures (Quasi-Federalism, Executive Federalism) Landma (a) In Re: Berubari Union, AIR 1960 SC 845 rk Case (b) U.N. Rao v. Smt. Indira Gandhi, AIR 1971 SC 1002 laws (c) State of Punjab v. Union of India, (1984) 1 SCC 597 (d) Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain, AIR 1975 SC 2299 (e) State of Bihar v. Bal Mukund Sah, AIR 2000 SC 1296 Relevant Constitution of India 1950; Government of India Act 1935 Laws · D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India
Unit II — PATTERNS OF FEDERALISM
Patterns of Federalism in India · Patterns of Federalism in USA · Patterns of Federalism in UK, Australia and Canada · Evolution of new federations Landma (a) U.S. v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995) – USA rk Case (b) Engineers’ Case, (1920) 28 CLR 129 – Australia laws (c) McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. (1819) – USA (d) R. v. Big M Drug Mart Ltd., 1 SCR 295 – Canada (e) NFIB v. Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519 (2012) – Federal coercion and healthcare (USA) (f) Minister of Health v. TAC, 2002 (5) SA 721 – Socio-economic rights in federal structure (South Africa) (g) Quebec Secession Reference, 2 SCR 217 – Constitutional self determination Essenti ● Tarunabh Khaitan, Constitutional Resilience in Federal Democracies, al IACL Blog (2022) Readin ● Sujit Choudhry (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution gs (especially comparative chapters) · Nicholas Aroney et al., Federalism and Subsidiarity (CUP, 2017) · Ralph H. Bowman, Comparative Federalism · Nicholas Aroney, The Constitution of a Federal Commonwealth · Daniel J. Elazar, Exploring Federalism Suggest ● H.K. Saharay, Indian Federalism: An Introduction ed · B. Ramaswamy, Federalism in India: Towards a Fresh Balance of Power Readin gs ● Reports of the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution, 2000 · Punchhi Commission Report on Centre-State Relations, 2010
Unit III — Legislative Federalism in Practice
Distribution of Powers and Interpretation · Repugnancy and Parliamentary Override · Federalism and Concurrent List Conflicts · Federalism and Policy Landma (a) State of West Bengal v. Union of India, 2022 (re: CBI investigations without rk Case consent) laws (b) Justice K.S. Puttaswamy, (2017) – Data-sharing and subject overlaps (c) Mohit Minerals v. Union of India, (2022) 4 SCC 712 – Legislative powers and GST regime (d) T.N. Godavarman v. Union of India, (Ongoing Forest federalism dispute) (e) Prafulla Kumar Mukherjee v. Bank of Commerce, Khulna, AIR 1947 PC 60 (f) Zaver Bhai Amaidas v. State of Bombay, AIR 1954 SC 752 (g) Union of India v. H.S. Dhillon, AIR 1972 SC 1061 (h) Hoechst Pharmaceuticals Ltd. v. State of Bihar, AIR 1983 SC 1019 (i) State of Gujarat v. Mirzapur Moti Kureshi Kassab Jamat, (2005) 8 SCC (j) ITC Ltd. v. Agricultural Produce Market Committee, AIR 2002 SC 852
Unit IV — Administrative Federalism and Executive Overreach
Inter-governmental Cooperation and Delegation · Governor's Role and Constitutional Crisis · Union Directives to States: Constitutional Scope and Contemporary Challenges · Emergency Provisions and Federalism Landma (a) Rameshwar Prasad v. Union of India, (2006) 2 SCC 1 rk Case (b) Kuldip Nayar v. Union of India, AIR 2006 SC 3127 laws (c) State of Maharashtra v. Governor of Maharashtra, Subhash Desai v. Principal Secretary, Governor of Maharashtra, (2022) 8 SCC 162 – Floor test controversy and Governor's discretion. (d) Shiv Sena v. Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Speaker, Shiv Sena and Ors. v. Union of India and Ors., (2023) 6 SCC 1 – Disqualification petitions, Speaker's neutrality, and Governor's role. (e) State of Tamil Nadu v. Union of India, (W.P. (C) No. 1282/2022) – Pending before the Supreme Court Challenging misuse of central agencies and alleging coercive federalism.
Unit V — Evolving Dynamics of Fiscal Federalism
Distribution of Fiscal Power between Union and States · Finance Commission and GST Council · Borrowing Powers of the State · Goods and Services Tax: A Federal Perspective Landma rk Case (a) Federation of Hotel & Restaurant Association v. Union of India, (1989) 3 laws SCC 634 (b) State of Kerala v. Gwalior Rayon Silk Mfg. Co. Ltd., AIR 1973 SC 2734 (c) Bihar Distillery v. Union of India, (1997) 2 SCC 727 (d) Jindal Stainless Ltd. v. State of Haryana, (2016) 11 SCC 1 (e) Mohit Minerals Pvt. Ltd. v. Union of India, (2022) 4 SCC 712
Unit VI — EMERGING TRENDS IN FEDERALISM
Cooperative Federalism: Role of NITI Aayog; Horizontal and Vertical Cooperation · Competitive Federalism: The Performance Analysis · Zonal Councils and Inter-State Councils · Inter-State Water Disputes · Role of Independent Constitutional Bodies Landma rk Case ● State of Karnataka v. Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 68 laws ● Narmada Bachao Andolan v. Union of India, AIR 2000 SC 3751 · Maharashtra v. Union of India, (2022) 5 SCC 497 · Rajasthan Electricity Board v. Mohan Lal, AIR 1967 SC 1857 · Union of India v. Association of Unified Telecom Service Providers, (2020) 3 SCC 525