Environmental Laws
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Law University, Jaipur · LL.B. Semester 4 · 4.3
Unit I — ENVIRONMENT AND CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
1.1 Environment: Concept, Meaning, Scope and Importance · 1.2 Environmental Pollution: Types, Causes and Effects · 1.3 Constitutional Provisions: Articles 21, 48A and 51A(g) · 1.4 Environment and Fundamental Rights: Right to Clean and Healthy Environment · 1.5 Environmental Principles: Sustainable Development, Precautionary Principle, Polluter Pays Principle, Public Trust Doctrine, Inter-generational equity, Absolute & strict liability
- Environment, its components, and factors affecting the quality of environment
- Environmental Law — meaning and purpose
- Constitutional Provisions relating to rights and duties of people and government
- Environment Protection-Significant Concepts and Principles — Sustainable development Polluter Pays Principle Precautionary Principle
Unit II — ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN INDIA
2.1 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: Objectives, Powers and Enforcement · 2.2 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 · 2.3 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 · 2.4 Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 · 2.5 Forest Conservation Act, 1980
- The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974- Definitions, Establishments of — Central Pollution Control Board (S. 3)
- The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981- Definitions, Establishments of — Central Pollution Control Board (S. 3)
- The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986- Definitions
- Indian Forest Act 1927 and Forest Conservation Act, 1980
- The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972- Definitions, Hunting of Wild Animals (sec- 9,11 &12)
Unit III — ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE AND JUDICIAL RESPONSE
3.1 Administrative Framework: Central and State Pollution Control Boards · 3.2 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): Concept and Legal Framework · 3.3 Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in Environmental Protection · 3.4 Role of Judiciary: Landmark Environmental Case Laws in India · 3.5 National Green Tribunal (NGT): Composition, Powers and Jurisdiction
- The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010- Scope (sec 3-13), Jurisdiction, Powers and Proceedings of the Tribunal (sec 14-25), Penal Provisions (26-28)
- General Laws and Environment Protection — application of Tort law, Indian Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code
- Environment Protection-Significant Concepts and Principles — Sustainable development Polluter Pays Principle Precautionary Principle
Unit IV — CONTEMPORARY ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
4.1 Climate Change and Environmental Protection: Indian Legal Response · 4.2 Biodiversity Conservation: Biological Diversity Act, 2002 · 4.3 Hazardous Waste and Environmental Liability UN Climate Action Summit 2019, 2025 · 4.4 International Environmental Law: Stockholm, Rio, Paris Agreement · 4.5 Environmental Rule of Law; Environmental Justice and Sustainable Development in India