Criminal Procedure Code, Juvenile Justice Act and Probation of Offenders Act

Unit 1 — Introductory

rationale of criminal procedure · constitutional perspectives (Arts. 14, 20, 21) · variety of criminal procedures · organization of police, prosecutor, defence counsel and prison authorities

• Object Purpose and History of the Criminal Procedure Code
• Definitions — Section 2
• Constitution and Powers of Criminal and Executive Courts — Section 6 to 35

Unit 2 — Pre-trial process: arrest

cognizable and non-cognizable offences · warrant and summons · arrest with and without warrant · absconder status · rights of the arrested person · Art. 22(2)

• Arrest of Persons — Section 41 to 60
• Process to Compel Appearance and Production of Things and Reciprocal Arrangements Sections 61 to 105L

Unit 3 — Pre-trial process: search and seizure

search warrant · police search during investigation · seizure (S. 102) · constitutional aspects

• Process to Compel Appearance and Production of Things and Reciprocal Arrangements Sections 61 to 105L

Unit 4 — Pre-trial process: FIR

F.I.R. (S. 154) · evidentiary value

• Information to the Police and their Powers to Investigate — Section 154 to 176

Unit 5 — Pre-trial process: magisterial powers to take cognizance

• Jurisdiction of the Criminal Courts in Inquiries and Trials — Section 177 to189
• Cognizance of Offences and Commencement of Judicial

Unit 6 — Trial process

commencement of proceedings · dismissal of complaint · bail: bailable and non-bailable offences, cancellation, anticipatory bail, appellate bail power, bonds (S. 436-450)

• Trial before various Courts
• Provisions as to Bails and Bonds — Section 436 to 450

Unit 7 — Fair trial

presumption of innocence · venue of trial · right of cross-examination · right to speedy trial

Unit 8 — Charge

framing of charge · form and contents · separate charges for distinct offences · discharge

• Charge — Section 211 to 224

Unit 9 — Preliminary pleas to bar the trial

jurisdiction · time limitations · autrefois acquit and autrefois convict · issue estoppel · compounding of offences

• Limitation for taking cognizance –Sections 467 to 473
• Jurisdiction of the Criminal Courts in Inquiries and Trials — Section 177 to189

Unit 10 — Trial before a court of Sessions

• Trial before various Courts

Unit 11 — Judgment

form and content (S. 354) · summary trial · post-conviction orders in lieu of punishment (S. 360, 361) · compensation and cost (S. 357, 358)

• Judgement — Sections 353 to 365

Unit 12 — Appeal, review, revision

non-appealable cases · appellate remedies · revisional jurisdiction (S. 397-405) · transfer of cases (S. 406, 407)

• Appeals-Sections 372 to 394
• Reference and Revision-Section 395 to 405

Unit 13 — Juvenile delinquency

nature and magnitude of problem · causes · juvenile court system · treatment and rehabilitation · Juvenile Justice Act

• The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

Unit 14 — Probation

• Probation of offenders

Unit 15 — Reform of criminal procedure