Logic – I
This course is introduced in the First year of the Five-year Integrated Law Program to familiarize students with the basic principles of reasoning. Logical principles is integral to human reasoning but we are unable to spell it out appropriately. This course introduces the student to logical reasoning, deductive and inductive reasoning and the basic concepts of logic such as arguments and its kinds, sentence, proposition, truth and validity. It aims to familiarize the students with nuances of language and its use in Law. It will help the students to understand and apply the Aristotelian classification of propositions, Boolean interpretation, immediate inference based on the square of opposition and kinds of Eductions. The course aspires to develop cr
University of Mumbai · B.L.S. Semester 1 · 4 modules · 28 topics · 28 written.
Module 1 — Introduction to Logical and Legal Reasoning
- 1.1 Traditional and Modern definitions of Logic
- 1.2 Analysis of arguments — Purpose, Content, language, structure / form
- 1.3 Basic features of Inductive and Deductive reasoning and their uses in Courts
- 1.4 Some basic logical concepts — Truth, Validity, Inference, Implication
- 1.5 Three Theories of Truth (Western perspectives)
- 1.6 Laws of Thought
- 1.7 Terms: Meaning of Terms — Connotation and denotation of terms — positive and negative
- 1.8 Induction — Simple Enumeration as a form of induction
- 1.9 Analogy — characteristic of a good and bad analogy. Its use in law — circumstantial evidence
Module 2 — Propositions
- 2.1 Distinctions between — proposition and sentence, proposition and judgment, proposition and fact, constituent and component
- 2.2 Traditional classification of proposition into categorical and conditional four –fold classification
- 2.3 Reduction of sentences to their logical forms
- 2.4 Distribution of terms in A, E, I, O propositions
- 2.5 Failure of Traditional classification propositions
- 2.6 Modern classification of Propositions — Aim of modern classification, Kinds of simple and compound propositions and basic truth tables for compound propositions
- 2.7 General propositions in Modern logic — universal and existential propositions
- 2.8 Comparative Study of Traditional and Modern Classification of Propositions
- 2.9 Distinction between the traditional and modern general propositions
- 2.10 Meaning of predication with special reference to the copula
Module 3 — Inference
- 3.1 Inference & kinds of Inference — Immediate and mediate
- 3.2 Opposition of proposition — types of opposition — inference by Opposition of propositions — oppositions of singular proposition
- 3.3 Eduction& types of Eductions. [Conversion, Obversion, Obverted Converse, Contrapositive (Partial and Full), Inverse (Partial and Full)
- 3.4 Other immediate inferences — material obversion, Inference by Added Determinants, Inference by Complex Conception & Inference by Converse Relation
Module 4 — Definition And Logical Division
- 4.1 Definition purpose
- 4.2 Traditional Definition — ‘rules and fallacies’
- 4.3 Modern Definitions — Kinds — Methods and purpose
- 4.4 Definition and Law — Precising definition with special reference to specific definition — private and public nuisance (Law of Torts), consent (Law of Contract), medical negligence
- 4.5 Division — Logical division — rules and fallacies of division — Division by Dichotomy. (Kinds of evidence)