Minor-II Paper-I (Philosophy): Logic

Unit 1 — Introduction to Logic

1.1 Nature and Scope of Logic · 1.2 Utility of the study of Logic · 1.3 Deductive Logic and Inductive Logic

• Traditional and Modern definitions of Logic
• Basic features of Inductive and Deductive reasoning and their uses in Courts

Unit 2 — Term, Proposition and Inference

2.1 Definition and classification of term · 2.2 Definition and classification of Proposition- Simple, Compound and General. · 2.3 Inference - Immediate and Mediate inference 2.3.1 Conversion and Obversion 2.3.2 Syllogism- Structure and Rules, Figure and Mood, Testing Syllogistic Arguments

• Terms: Meaning of Terms — Connotation and denotation of terms — positive and negative
• Traditional classification of proposition into categorical and conditional four –fold classification
• Inference & kinds of Inference — Immediate and mediate

Unit 3 — Symbolic Logic

3.1 Nature and characteristics of Symbolic Logic · 3.2 Utility of using symbols in Modern Logic · 3.3 Truth functions, Truth- Table Method for testing the validity of arguments

Unit 4 — Induction and its kinds

4.1 Induction proper: Different kinds of Induction Proper · 4.2 Induction Improperly so- called: Different kinds of Induction Improperly so- called

• Induction — Simple Enumeration as a form of induction
• Analogy — characteristic of a good and bad analogy. Its use in law — circumstantial evidence

Unit 5 — Hypothesis

5.1 Definition and nature of Hypothesis · 5.2 Kinds of Hypothesis · 5.3 Conditions of a valid Hypothesis

• Hypothesis — Conditions of good hypothesis — kinds of hypothesis